Lezghian etymology : Query result

Proto-Lezghian: *ʔok:ʷɨ-

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: burn

Lezghian: k:u-z

Tabasaran: u-g-ub

Agul: ugʷa-s

Kryz: ug-aǯ

Budukh: s-ug-u

Archi: ok:a-s

Udi: bok:-sun

Comment: Relevant forms are also: Lezg. praet. k:u-na, Ag. Bursh. igi-s, Arch. dur. =ork:u-r. Belongs to the week verb class in PL. Cf. also a derived adjective: Tab. urg-ru 'bitter', Lezg. Khl. jɨk:ɨr, Kryz. gɨra-d 'hot'.

Cf. Талибов 1960а, 302; Лексика 1971, 245; Гигинейшвили 1980, 277.

Proto-Lezghian: *ʔoʎ:ʷa-

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: 1 to be silent,listen 2 be reconciled 3 to say

Agul: d-ux́- 2

Rutul: =uxʷa- 3

Archi: o=ʎ:a- 1

Comment: Cf. also Arch. dur. =orʎ:u-r, Ag. Bursh. ʕad-uš:a-s. Note a peculiar semantic shift '(keep silent, reconcile) > listen > (*cause to listen) > say' (rather often observed in Caucasian languages).

Proto-Lezghian: *ʔoq:ʷa-

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: 1 to rain 2 rain (n.)

Lezghian: q:ʷa-z 1

Tabasaran: u-r-ʁ-uz 1

Agul: uʁas 1

Rutul: huʁʷas 1

Tsakhur: g'-oʁa-s 1

Udi: aʁala 2

Comment: The words for 'rain' in most Lezgian languages are derived from this verb base (PL *ʔoq:ʷa-l(V) 'rain' > Lezg. q:ʷal, Ag. uʁal, Rut. huʁʷal, Ud. aʁala); a separate derivation from the same root is Tsakh. joʁʷi.

See Талибов 1960а, 298; Лексика 1971, 185.

Proto-Lezghian: *ʔos:V-

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: sit down, sit

Tabasaran: d-us-uz 1

Udi: arcesun, arst:un

Comment: Cf. also Tab. u-r-s-uz 'set (caus.)'. The vowel reconstruction is not reliable (because there is not enough evidence). -r- in Ud. is an aspect infix.

Proto-Lezghian: *ʔot:ʷ[ɨ]-

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: 1 to shave 2 to pluck 3 to tear 4 to shear (sheep)

Lezghian: t:ʷa- 1

Tabasaran: ud-u=d- 2

Agul: ud- 2,3

Tsakhur: q-o=da- 3 (Mishl.)

Kryz: =ud- 4

Budukh: ed- 4

Archi: =ot:a- 2,3

Comment: Cf. also Lezg. pret. t:u-na; Tab. Düb. u=d- 'to tan' (*'to pluck hair').

Proto-Lezghian: *ʔoχIʷɨ

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: to guard, preserve

Lezghian: χü-

Tabasaran: u=χI-

Agul: uX̀-

Rutul: u=χIa-

Comment: Cf. Lezg. pret. χʷe-na. The verb belongs to the weak conjugation class. See Магометов 1966, 342; Хайдаков 1973, 144.

Proto-Lezghian: *ʔoχʷa

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: 1 to drink 2 to gulp down 3 swill, mash

Lezghian: χʷa-l 3

Tabasaran: uχ- 1

Agul: uχ- 1

Archi: χ:u-bus 2

Comment: The Arch. form is somewhat irregular (due to the expressive semantics?): we should not expect here the loss of initial vowel and the intensive χ:.

See Лексика 1971, 261.

Proto-Lezghian: *ʔu- / *uV

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: 1 that 2 above, there (above the speaker)

Lezghian: wi-nel 2

Kryz: wa-rä 2

Budukh: u-d 1,wo-rǝ-n 2

Comment: Cf. also Lezg. Khl. wa-ne 'there (above the speaker)'. Just as *ʔi /*jV- the root has variants *ʔu- (Bud. u-d) and *uV- (other forms).

Proto-Lezghian: *ʔuʔul / *ʔuʔul-t:

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: 1 hole 2 window

Tabasaran: ulž 1,2

Agul: uʔul 1

Comment: Cf. also Tab. Düb. uldu 'window, hole' (lit. ulž reflects *ʔuld with a palatalisation before the front vowel of the oblique base); Ag. Fit. ulud 'burrow', Burk. ul-am 'cavern'.

Proto-Lezghian: *ʔ[u]rḳ (~ʔI-,-o-)

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: 1 pit 2 hearth 3 depth

Tabasaran: uḳj-ar 2 (Düb.)

Agul: urḳ 1

Rutul: arḳ-un 3 (Shin.)

Comment: Not quite clear is a- in the Rut. form (*a/o Ablaut?); however, its belonging here is rather probable, cf. semantically the Ag. derivate: ürḳe-f 'deep'. With metathesis we should probably relate here also Tsakh. ḳora-n 'deep'.

Proto-Lezghian: *ʔur-s:il (~-ä-,-l:)

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: dung, manure

Tabasaran: ursil

Comment: Cf. also Tab. lit. ursal, Khan. urš:̌el id. The first syllable is historically a prefix. The root is attested only in Tab., but has good external parallels.

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